Les tiers-lieux connaissent un fort développement dans la plupart des grandes métropoles des économies avancées, notamment le coworking ou les espaces dits « flexibles ». En Ile-de-France, ils sont passés en quatre ans de 620 à 1 030, soit une hausse de + 66 %, + 140 % pour le seul coworking (source Institut paris région). Ces espaces répondent à des évolutions de l’économie, comme le développement important de l’entrepreneuriat en Ile-de-France ces dernières années. Malgré les avantages qu’ils offrent, leur développement se heurte à des limites intrinsèques liées à leur modèle économique, notamment dans les zones les moins denses de la région. Par ailleurs, compte tenu des enjeux actuels de réindustrialisation, l’offre francilienne de tiers-lieux dits « de production » n’est pas réellement adaptée aux besoins des startups industrielles.
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